Microbiology Theory Paper

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SECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (20 MARKS)

1. Which of the following are nutritional bacterial growth requirements?
   A. Carbon
   B. Nitrogen
   C. Ph
   D. Temperature
   E. Osmotic effects
2. Production of indole from tryptophan is a characteristic of:
   A. Enterobacter cloacae
   B. Escherichia coli
   C. Shigella dysentriae
   D. Shigella sonnei
3. The standard wire loop used for urine culture has a capacity of:
   A. 0.1ml
   B. 0.01ml
   C. 0.001ml
   D. 0.0001ml
4. Neonatalophthalmia is caused by :
   A. Neisseria meningitidis
   B. Neisseria gonorrhoea
   C. Streptococcus pyogenes
   D. Staphylococcus aureus
5. The following sample must be collected in a sterile container.
   A. Sputum
   B. Urine
   C. Stool
   D. Blood
6. Cocci arranged in groups of eight are known as:
   A. Diplococci
   B. Tetrads
   C. Sarcina
   D. Aerococcus
   E. Gaffkya
7. Neutral red indicator is used in:
   A. Methyl red
   B. Urea broth
   C. MacConkey agar
   D. Triple Sugar Iron agar
8. Members of the Enterobacteriaceae are:
   A. Gram-positive rods
   B. Non-lactose fermenters
   C. Catalase positive
   D. Oxidase positive
   E. Ferment glucose with production of gas
9. Germ tube test is used in the diagnosis of :
   A. Staphylococcus aureus
   B. Candida albicans test
   C. Streptococcus pyogenes
   D. Streptococcus agalactiae
10. Durham tube is useful in demonstration of:
    A. Bile solubility
    B. Carbohydrate fermentation with gas production
    C. Motility of microorganisms
    D. Urea hydrolyzation
    E. Oxidation
11. Staphylococcus aureus food poisoning is as a result of:
    A. Leucocidin
    B. Catalase
    C. Enterotoxin
    D. Exfoliatin
    E. Hyaluronidase
12. V. cholerae transmission is mainly through:
    A. Inhalation
    B. Ingestion of infected food and water
    C. Contact
    D. Blood transfusion
13. Which of the following media is both selective and differential?
    A. Blood agar
    B. McConkey media
    C. nutrient broth
    D. nutrient agar
    E. selenite F
14. The following is the most commonly used method in antimicrobial susceptibility testing:
    A. Macfarland 0.5 standard
    B. Epsilon test
    C. Micro broth dilution
    D. Stokes method
    E. Kirby Bauer method
15. The following is an important property of viruses:
    A. They divide by binary fission
    B. They contain a cell wall and a cytoplasmic membrane
    C. They either have DNA or RNA as genetic material but never both
    D. They contain flagella for locomotion
16. The following media is suitable for stocking microorganisms for reference
    A. Tryptone soy broth
    B. Nutrient agar
    C. Selenite F
    D. Blood agar
17. Cultures and specimens from microbiology lab should be disposed of by
    A. Incineration
    B. Placing them in a highly infectious waste bag or container
    C. Placing them in a sharps container
    D. Placing them in a non-infectious waste bag or container
18. The following is transport media for a stool specimen
    A. Amies
    B. Stuart
    C. Cary Blair
    D. Alkaline peptone water
    E. Selenite F
19. Darkfield microscopy is commonly applied in the diagnosis of
    A. Syphilis
    B. Salmonellosis
    C. Typhoid fever
    D. brucellosis
20. Diseases which may be associated with Staphylococcus species include
    A. Endocarditis
    B. Undulant fever
    C. Gastroenteritis
    D. Bloody diarrhea

SECTION B: ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS (30MKS)

Q1. Write short notes on (10mks)
(a) Indian ink (2.5 mks)

(b) capsule staining (2.5 mks)

(c) cytochrome oxidase test (2.5 mks)

(d) sheep blood agar (2.5 mks)

Q2.With the aid of a diagram, differentiate a gram-positive bacteria cell wall from a gram-negative (10mks)

Q3. Name and explain the phases of bacterial growth rate (10mks)