Q1. In a routine diagnostic microbiology laboratory, the initial stage of bacterial identification involves:-

a) Genetic homology

b) Growth characteristics

c) Biochemical characteristics

d) Spore formation

e) Morphology and staining

Q2. Large spirochetes with irregular/regular coils include:-

a) Vibrio

b) Leptospira

c) Spirillum

d) Borrelia

e) Mycoplasma

Q3. Cysteine Lactose Electrolyte Deficient Media (CLED) into-operates a fermentation indicator called?

a) Neutral red

b) Phenol red

c) Bromothymol blue

d) Bromocresal purple

e) Methyl red

Q4. Sources of nitrogen in artificial culture media include:

a) Mineral salts

b) Agar

c) Glucose

d) Peptones

d) Sucrose

Q5. Cell membrane damage causes death because ;

a) All the cell undergoes osmotic lysis

b) Cell contents leak out

c) The cell plasmolysis

d) The cell lacks a cell wall

e) Non of the above

Q6. Staphylococcus aureus spreads from one place to another in the body trough tissues due to secretion of an enzyme termed as:-

a) Coagulalase

b) Catalase

c) Saphylokinase

d) Hyaluronidse

e) Deoxyribonulease

Q7. Friedlander bacillus is:

a) Escherichia

b) Klebsiella

c) Citrobacter

d) Enterobacter

e) Edwardsiella

Q8. Food poisoning arising from a rice meal is likely to be due to:-

a) Bacillus anthracis

b) Bacillus cereus

c) Shigella species

d) Staphylococcus

e) Escherichia coli

Q9. The drug chloramphenicol binds to the 50S portion of the ribosome, thus interfering with

a) Transcription in prokaryotic cells

b) Transcription in eukaryotic cells

c) translation in prokaryotic cells

d) translation in cells eukaryotic

e) DNA synthesis

Q10.    What is the common characteristic of Rickettsia, Chlamydia, and viruses?

a) Posses DNA and RNA

b) Posses DNA and RNA

c) Obligate intracellular

d) Reproduce through replication

e) Reproduce through binary fission

Q11.    Lipochrome pigment production is associated with?

a) Staphylococcus saprophyticus

b) Staphylococcus aureus

c) Streptococcus pyrogens

d) Streptococcus pneumonia

e) Escherichia coli

Q12.    Penicillinase producing Neisseria gonorrhea (PPNG) is associated with an enzyme called?

a) Beta Lactamase

b) Hyaluronidase

c) Coagulase

d) Kinase

e) Phosphatase

Q13. Bacillus anthracis varies from anthracoid, the latter is:-

a) Non-haemolytic on SBA

b) Non-motile

c) McFadyean reaction positive

d) Capsulated

e) Beta hemolytic on SBA

Q14.    Optimum growth for campylobacter jejuni is obtained at:-

a) 25⁰C

b) 29⁰C

c) 37⁰C

d) 43⁰C

e) 55^0c

Q15.    In acute brucellosis a very high level of:

a) IgM is found

b) IgM is found

c) IgE is found

d) IgA is found

e) IgA and IgE are found

Q16.    Branhamella catarrhalis is associated with:-

a) Tooth decay

b) Athletes foot

c) Sinusitis

d) Endocarditis

e) Diarrhea

Q17.    Deoxycholate citrate agar is selective due to:-

a) Crystal violet

b) Sodium deoxycholate

c) Ferric citrate

d) Sodium thiosulphate

e) Sodium Selenite

Q18.    Dermatophytes that attack nails belong to genus:-

a) Aspergillus

b) Candida

c) Epidermophyton

d) Microsporum

e) Trichophyton